T. Clark Brelje, Ph.D.
University of Minnesota
Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Development
6-160 Jackson Hall
321 Church St SE
Minneapolis, MN 55455
Robert L. Sorenson, Ph.D.
University of Minnesota
Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Development
6-160 Jackson Hall
321 Church St SE
Minneapolis, MN 55455
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The umbilical cord normally contains two arteries (umbilical arteries) and one vein (umbilical vein) embedded within connective tissue named Wharton's jelly.
Wharton's jelly is a gelatinous substance that is mostly ground substance (primarily hyaluronic acid and chondroitin sulfate) with a low abundance of collagen or reticular fibers.
Near the remnant of the allantois are many stellate and spindle-shaped (fusiform) cells. Most of these are mesenchymal cells. However, spindle-shaped mesenchymal cells are indistinguishable from resting fibroblasts (which also may be spindle-shaped).